Part 2
The three year look back period was the most important reason to choose a Life Estate deed instead of an irrevocable trust to protect a client’s house. That benefit has been eliminated. Now clients and attorneys must consider the limitations of Life Estates in relation to irrevocable trusts. Most importantly, the Life Estate only works if the house is not sold until after the Medicaid recipient’s death. If the house is sold during the person’s life a portion (this value is based on Medicaid’s actuarial tables) of the proceeds will pass to the Medicaid recipient and the funds will be taken by Medicaid. If a house is held in an irrevocable trust, all of the proceeds from sale stay in the trust and remain protected regardless of when its sold. Although families understand the issue when they create the Life Estate, this becomes a pressing issue when the client moves into a nursing home and the house is empty. At that point, families must either rent the house (taking on the aggravation of being a landlord) or leave the house empty and use their own funds to pay for the property taxes and insurance. Both options are not ideal.
There are also capital gains tax issues to consider when choosing between a Life Estate deed and an irrevocable trust. The tax questions are somewhat up in the air right now and many attorneys believe that unless Congress changes the tax laws, Life Estate deeds will no longer give clients a step-up in the tax basis resulting in children paying capital gains taxes on all of the gain accrued during the parents’ lives.
That all being said, a Life Estate deed does have one important benefit. Its simple. A Life Estate
deed is easy to put in place. Its just a deed. Also, if everyone on the deed is agreeable, its also
easy to unwind; everyone just deeds the house back to the original owners. Reversing an irrevocable trust is much more complicated (and sometimes not possible) with an irrevocable trust.
Everyone wants to protect their home. The question remains what is the best strategy to do the job. In weighing your options, consider, how much control you want to keep, when the house will be sold, your need to use the house equity and tax issues. Life Estate deeds do still work. However, irrevocable trusts are often a better option to protect your home.
Contact Cohen & Oalican to discuss a medicaid plan that works for you.
Showing posts with label Supplemental needs trust. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Supplemental needs trust. Show all posts
Thursday, May 13, 2010
Monday, May 10, 2010
Cohen & Oalican Answer: Can a Life Estate Still Protect Your House from Medicaid Part 1
Part 1
Can a Life Estate Still Protect Your House from Medicaid?
We are often asked by clients and attorneys alike, whether Life Estates still “work”. In other words, can you protect your house from a Medicaid lien with a Life Estate deed. To cut to the chase, Life Estate deeds still work, but they may not be the best option. First, let’s clarify the question. If an individual applies for Medicaid (MassHealth in Massachusetts), their home is considered to be a noncountable asset. Although the regulations make it sound as if your home is a “protected” asset, that is far from true. As a noncountable asset, Medicaid cannot force you to sell your home to obtain eligibility (as long as the equity is less than $750,000). However, at the death of the Medicaid recipient, if the house is in that person’s sole name, the State will have a claim against the house for reimbursement for benefits provided during that person’s lifetime.
Frequently, our asset protection plans focus on a client’s home. Medicaid is only authorized to make a claim against an interest in a house that is in the sole name of the Medicaid recipient. These assets are referred to in legal jargon as “probate assets”. For example, a house that’s held as joint tenants passes to the survivor automatically by virtue of the deed and thus avoids probate and a Medicaid lien.
For many years a simple way to protect the house from Medicaid was by using a Life Estate deed. With a Life Estate deed a client is typically giving away their house to their children but they are retaining certain rights of ownership over the property. Most commonly, clients keep the right to live in the house and the rights to rental income. They also still have an obligation to pay the house expenses. However, the house cannot be sold or mortgaged without everyone’s consent. The parents retained interest in the house is called a Life Estate. The childrens’ rights to receive the property at death is called a remainder interest. Because a Life Estate deed passes automatically at death outside of probate, a Life Estate deed avoids Medicaid’s claim at death.
Prior to February, 2006 (when the federal Medicaid laws changed), Life Estates were quite common. At that time Medicaid imposed a three year “look-back” period for transfers to individuals and a five year “look-back for transfers to trusts. Consequently, clients and attorneys often preferred to use a Life Estate as part of their asset protection plan instead of an irrevocable trust because the house would be protected in only three years. That is no longer the case. Under current law, all transfers have a five year look-back period and in effect make the applicant and their spouse ineligible for five years.
Part 2 to follow
The experienced attorneys at Cohen & Oalican, LLP, can help you prepare for, and resolve, all of your medicaid planning and administration needs.
Can a Life Estate Still Protect Your House from Medicaid?
We are often asked by clients and attorneys alike, whether Life Estates still “work”. In other words, can you protect your house from a Medicaid lien with a Life Estate deed. To cut to the chase, Life Estate deeds still work, but they may not be the best option. First, let’s clarify the question. If an individual applies for Medicaid (MassHealth in Massachusetts), their home is considered to be a noncountable asset. Although the regulations make it sound as if your home is a “protected” asset, that is far from true. As a noncountable asset, Medicaid cannot force you to sell your home to obtain eligibility (as long as the equity is less than $750,000). However, at the death of the Medicaid recipient, if the house is in that person’s sole name, the State will have a claim against the house for reimbursement for benefits provided during that person’s lifetime.
Frequently, our asset protection plans focus on a client’s home. Medicaid is only authorized to make a claim against an interest in a house that is in the sole name of the Medicaid recipient. These assets are referred to in legal jargon as “probate assets”. For example, a house that’s held as joint tenants passes to the survivor automatically by virtue of the deed and thus avoids probate and a Medicaid lien.
For many years a simple way to protect the house from Medicaid was by using a Life Estate deed. With a Life Estate deed a client is typically giving away their house to their children but they are retaining certain rights of ownership over the property. Most commonly, clients keep the right to live in the house and the rights to rental income. They also still have an obligation to pay the house expenses. However, the house cannot be sold or mortgaged without everyone’s consent. The parents retained interest in the house is called a Life Estate. The childrens’ rights to receive the property at death is called a remainder interest. Because a Life Estate deed passes automatically at death outside of probate, a Life Estate deed avoids Medicaid’s claim at death.
Prior to February, 2006 (when the federal Medicaid laws changed), Life Estates were quite common. At that time Medicaid imposed a three year “look-back” period for transfers to individuals and a five year “look-back for transfers to trusts. Consequently, clients and attorneys often preferred to use a Life Estate as part of their asset protection plan instead of an irrevocable trust because the house would be protected in only three years. That is no longer the case. Under current law, all transfers have a five year look-back period and in effect make the applicant and their spouse ineligible for five years.
Part 2 to follow
The experienced attorneys at Cohen & Oalican, LLP, can help you prepare for, and resolve, all of your medicaid planning and administration needs.
Monday, March 29, 2010
Supplemental Needs Trust - Questions Answered Part 1
SUPPLEMENTAL NEEDS TRUSTS
• What is a supplemental needs trust?
Supplemental needs trusts (also known as "special needs" trusts) are drafted so that the funds will not be considered to belong to the beneficiary in determining his or her eligibility for public benefits, such as Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or public housing. These trusts are designed not to provide basic support, but instead to pay for comforts and luxuries that could not be paid for by public assistance funds, such as education, recreation, counseling, and medical attention beyond what is required simply to maintain an individual.
• Who can create a supplemental needs trust?
Very often supplemental needs trusts are created by a parent or other family member for a disabled child (even though the child may be an adult by the time the trust is created or funded). But the disabled individual can often create the trust himself or herself, depending on the program for which he or she seeks benefits. Medicaid is the most restrictive program in this regard, making it difficult for a beneficiary to create a trust for his or her own benefit. But even Medicaid has a "safe harbor" allowing for the creation of a supplemental needs trust with a beneficiary's own money if the trust meets certain requirements. This is sometimes called a "(d)(4)(A)" trust, referring the authorizing statute.
• Must the supplemental trust be irrevocable?
Yes, if it is created and funded by the person seeking public benefits himself or herself. No, if it is created and funded by someone else for the benefit of person receiving or seeking public benefits.
• Who can serve as trustee?
Choosing a trustee can be a difficult decision. The basic question to consider is whether to choose a professional trustee (such as a bank orhttp://www.cohenoalican.com/) or to use family. Family and friends can serve as trustee, but it is important to consider whether they have the experience and qualifications to serve in this role. The only person who cannot serve as trustee is the beneficiary themselves as this could disqualify them for public benefits.
When choosing a trustee, the factors to be considered include the cost of the available parties, relative investment experience, and flexibility and bureaucracy. Additionally, the trustee’s knowledge of public benefits programs and their regulations, as well as the beneficiary’s special needs and circumstances, should be considered. Often it can make sense to split the necessary trustee roles, with a bank or trust company handling investments and accounting, a family member or social worker taking care of planning for the beneficiary and disbursements, and an elder law attorney advising on public benefits issues. This can be done through multiple trustees, or a single trustee advised by individuals with the necessary knowledge and experience.
Cohen & Oalican provide a full spectrum of services for the elderly, for disabled adults, and for the families.
• What is a supplemental needs trust?
Supplemental needs trusts (also known as "special needs" trusts) are drafted so that the funds will not be considered to belong to the beneficiary in determining his or her eligibility for public benefits, such as Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or public housing. These trusts are designed not to provide basic support, but instead to pay for comforts and luxuries that could not be paid for by public assistance funds, such as education, recreation, counseling, and medical attention beyond what is required simply to maintain an individual.
• Who can create a supplemental needs trust?
Very often supplemental needs trusts are created by a parent or other family member for a disabled child (even though the child may be an adult by the time the trust is created or funded). But the disabled individual can often create the trust himself or herself, depending on the program for which he or she seeks benefits. Medicaid is the most restrictive program in this regard, making it difficult for a beneficiary to create a trust for his or her own benefit. But even Medicaid has a "safe harbor" allowing for the creation of a supplemental needs trust with a beneficiary's own money if the trust meets certain requirements. This is sometimes called a "(d)(4)(A)" trust, referring the authorizing statute.
• Must the supplemental trust be irrevocable?
Yes, if it is created and funded by the person seeking public benefits himself or herself. No, if it is created and funded by someone else for the benefit of person receiving or seeking public benefits.
• Who can serve as trustee?
Choosing a trustee can be a difficult decision. The basic question to consider is whether to choose a professional trustee (such as a bank orhttp://www.cohenoalican.com/) or to use family. Family and friends can serve as trustee, but it is important to consider whether they have the experience and qualifications to serve in this role. The only person who cannot serve as trustee is the beneficiary themselves as this could disqualify them for public benefits.
When choosing a trustee, the factors to be considered include the cost of the available parties, relative investment experience, and flexibility and bureaucracy. Additionally, the trustee’s knowledge of public benefits programs and their regulations, as well as the beneficiary’s special needs and circumstances, should be considered. Often it can make sense to split the necessary trustee roles, with a bank or trust company handling investments and accounting, a family member or social worker taking care of planning for the beneficiary and disbursements, and an elder law attorney advising on public benefits issues. This can be done through multiple trustees, or a single trustee advised by individuals with the necessary knowledge and experience.
Cohen & Oalican provide a full spectrum of services for the elderly, for disabled adults, and for the families.
Wednesday, September 9, 2009
More Links to Cohen & Oalican
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If you know someone linking to our site, please drop us a note so that we can show our appreciation.
- ERIC R. OALICAN is a partner in the Boston elder law firm of Cohen Oalican, LLP, where he specializes in representing the legal needs of the elderly. . .
- Directions to our Firm
- A professional endorsement
- Eric R. Oalican, Esq., Co-chair, Cohen & Oalican LLP, Boston;Elder Law: MCLE BasicsPlus!®
- Basic concepts of estate and long-term care planning
- We have two types of clients," said Eric Oalican, an elder-law attorney in Boston. "Advance-planning clients, who are in OK health either at home or in an .. . .
- Boston Tax Institute Faculty
- Medicaid Update Speaker: Eric R. Oalican
- Preserving & transferring your client's principal residence / chairs, Eric R. Oalican
- Eric R. Oalican, Esq., program chair. Cohen & Oalican LLP, Boston. Leslie S. Madge, Esq. ... Eric R. Oalican. LONG-TERM. CARE ASSET. PROTECTION. PLANNING
- Eric R. Oalican,. Esq., Cochair, Cohen & Oalican LLP,. Boston;Elder Law BOSTON, Thursday, September 10 & Friday, September 11, 2009 - Basic concepts of estate and long-term care planning MCLE BasicsPlus
- Eric Oalican
- 1-day seminar (8 credits) led by Steven Cohen, Esq., and Eric Oalican, Esq. Topics include the essentials of estate planning for accountants and their. . .
- Eric Oalican. 617-350-5600. View Profile. Elder Law, Estate Planning.
We are still looking.
If you know someone linking to our site, please drop us a note so that we can show our appreciation.
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